A comprehensive lrfd design example problem is presented and solved to demonstrate the development and application of design charts using both static and field analysis methods. Five methods for calculation of pile group settlement were compared and applied to. It allows the users to zoom, rotate and move the displayed results smoothly in threedimensional space with mouse or keyboard. The program was developed to compute the distribution of loads vertical, lateral, and overturning moment up to three orthogonal axes applied from any multiple locations in the pile cap to piles arranged in a group. Lpile is a specialpurpose and internationally recognized computer program based on rational procedures for analyzing a pile under lateral loading using the py method. Pile group analysis spreadsheet program written in msexcel for the purpose of analysis of pile groups with rigid caps using the elastic method.
Fixed head pile was assumed, the resulted pile head displacement is 1. Powerful 3d visualization of various pile group analysis results such as displacements, bending moments, shear forces and soil reactions. This reference case deals with the analysis of a pile group composed of a. Analysis of pile group behavior astm international. Analysis and design of pile groups 29 1 the ratio of load on pile to the average pile load in the group p p av, and is plotted against the normalised pile spacing sd. Design the pile cap shown in the following figure with 12 in. The problem of a laterally loaded pile embedded in soil is closely related to the beam on an elastic foundation. The load carried by an individual pile or group of piles in a foundation depends upon.
Estimation of the deformations and load distributions in a group of piles. Consider a group of three piles, each of 600 mm diameter installed in one row. Four computer programs clap, piglet, repute and plaxis 3d, have been used for the analysis of pile groups subjected to applied loadings. Implementation of aashto lrfd bridge design specification. Pile cap may be designed using one of the following methods. This positions the pile in space and later allows the soil, the water table and loads etc. Pile group settlement estimation research to practice h. The pile group worksheets assume a minimum of 2 piles and a maximum of either 25, 75, 300, or 400 piles for a pile group. Analysis of pile groups civil engineering community. In all the examined cases, a load test on a single pile was also available. Foundation analysis and desing foundation design 1. Specifically, the properties of the pile group are calculated, and then based upon the applied vertical and horizontal loadings, the. Analysis of vertical bearing capacity of a pile group of in cohesive soil as a rigid earth block according to fhwa standards.
Lpile solves the differential equation for a beamcolumn using a finite difference approach. Reliable estimation of pile group settlement was a key issue. Example calculations forpile resistance analysis andverifications note. Comparison with field and laboratory tests indicates that the behavior of pile groups predicted by the analysis is in qualitative agreement with observed behavior. Rspile is a general pile analysis software for analyzing driven pile installation, axially loaded piles and laterally loaded piles. Pile supported foundation pile cap analysis and design based on a geotechnical study, a pile supported foundation is required to support a heavily loaded building column. Innovative geotechnics provides innovative geotechnical design tools for soilstructure interaction and deep foundation problems such as single piles or pile groups under lateral and vertical loads. Diagrammatic geological model adopted from ahmad abdelrazaq et al. This is a spreadsheet program written in msexcel for the purpose of analysis of pile groups with rigid caps using the elastic method.
It can compute the axial capacity for driven piles as well as the pile internal forces and displacements under various loads and soil displacements. A computer program for basic pile group analysis, cpga, was developed through the computeraided structural engineering case project by the task group on pile structures and substructures. A simplified approach for nonlinear analysis of the loaddisplacement response of a single pile and a pile group is presented using the loadtransfer approach. Pile group analysis is the most advanced pile group analysis program available. A study of two methods article pdf available in journal of geotechnical engineering 1093 march 1983 with 2,683 reads how we measure reads. Thus, the pile group efficiency is equal to the ratio of the average load per pile in the group at which the failure occurs to the ultimate load of a comparable single pile. The programs are briefly introduced and the basis of each program is described.
Pilegroup pile group analysis pile design software. The site lies entirely within an area of reclamation, which is understood. Administrators, engineers, and researchers are faced continually with many highway problems on which much information already exists either in documented form or in terms of undocumented experience and practice. Ultimate vertical load bearing capacity of pile analysis is done by static analysis based on c. Dpile group formerly known as mpile enables the analysis of the threedimensional be havior of single piles and pile groups. Civilax on analysis and optimization of prismatic and axisymmetric shell structures. Pdf analysis and design of pile groups researchgate.
Detailed information is presented on pile design principles and criteria. Efficiency of a pile group can also be obtained by using converse labarre formula. Group is a wellaccepted tool for analyzing the behavior of pile groups subjected to both axial and lateral loadings. Specifically, the properties of the pile group are calculated, and then based upon the applied vertical and horizontal loadings, the vertical and horizontal pile reactions are calculated. This paper will compare these methods, provide insights into the proper understanding of nsf effects on pile behaviour and. The program computes deflection, bending moment, shear force and soil response. Comparison of four pile group analysis programs 295 4. Evaluation of group factor method for analysis of pile groups.
Analysis method for laterally loaded pile groups using an. Analysis of vertical bearing capacity of a group of piles in cohesionless soil navfac dm 7. Annexb example calculations forpile resistance analysis. Pile driving analyzer systems also evaluate shaft integrity, driving stresses, and hammer energy. A comparison of the capabilities of each program is presented and then a parametric study is made of a six. A summary of the main capabilities and limitations of some of the computer programs discussed above is presented in table 10. Analysis and design of pile groups 28 1 loads acting on the piles, which will be increased for the piles in the leading rows and decreased for those in the trailing rows of the group. Simplified method for settlement prediction of single pile and pile. Pilegrp pile group analysis for a rigid pile capmat. Extensive displaying options such as model contour, pile and pile cap color, local and global axes, shape scaling factor and pile numbering are available in pilegroup for the users to. Piles may be located at different elevations and be battered independently. This paper demonstrates that it is possible to use the pile group analysis presented as a practical method for solving design problems. Fm 54 chapter 7 distribution of loadson pile groups section i. The pile driving analyzer pda system is the most widely employed system for dynamic load testing and pile driving monitoring in the world.
Performancebased design factors for pile foundations. Flexibility coefficients and interaction factors for pile group analysis. The program assumes the pile cap to be rigid and the piles to be. From the available borehole data it was assessed that the geological pro. Piles are most effective when combined in groups or clusters. Pile driving analyzer pda for high strain testing pile. Pile design software pile group analysis py curves. Simplified analysis of laterally loaded pile groups. A brief outline is given of the basis of analysis used in two computer programs, piglet and defpig, for analysis of pile group response.
Theory, practice and software about us civilax based to server in civil engineering provides etabs and sap2000 tutorials, civil engineering spreadsheets, civil engineering ebooks and many more civil engineering downloads. While other programs use simple rigid body principles to determine the distribution of forces to individual piles, pile group analysis does a comprehensive analysis of the pilesoil interaction to determine the distribution. The seismic design of pile foundations is currently performed in a relatively simple, deterministic manner. Foundation analysis and design 53 journal of geotechnical and geoenvironmental engineering, asce, vol. Innovative geotechnics is an engineering company with the aim of researching and developing geotechnical design and analysis programs. Instructional materials complementing fema p751, design examples. This program uses the elastic method of analysis, assuming that the pile cap is in fact rigid, so that the applied loads are linearly distributed among the piles. High strain dynamic load tests, also called pda tests, assess the capacity of several piles in a single day. Pile modelling the proposed method was developed to capture the response of a pile group subjected to horizontal load. Deeper zone of influence for end bearing shaft group fhwa nhi10016 after tomlinson, 1994. Pdf comparison of four pile group analysis programs. Pile supported foundation pile cap analysis and design. A cap is necessary to spread the vertical and horizontal loads and overturning moments to all the piles in the group. Single vertical pile was analyzed under a lateral load of 80 kn using relationships developed by reese and matlock.
It is intended to be a simple program for pile group analysis to eliminate many of the inaccuracies inherent in hand analysis methods. Analyze a group of piles for loads in any direction using the same advanced soilstructure model used in the static pile program. This report describes the development of a performancebased framework to create seismic designs of pile group foundations that consider all potential levels. B1 determining the axial pile resistances fromstaticpile loadtests, andultimateand serviceabilitylimit state analyses b1. Pile caps are structural elements that fulfil the function of transmitting the load from superstructure column or a wall to a group of concrete piles. Pile group size number of rows foundation design 33. A new method of analysis is presented for singlepiles and pile groups which offers a considerable degree of reliability without having to do either impossibly. Dc pilegroup analysis of pile groups civil engineering. Project definition pile the elevation of the top of the pile and the total length of the pile must first be defined figure 4. Pdf a brief outline is given of the basis of analysis used in two computer programs, piglet and defpig, for analysis of pile group response. Among different methods that exist for analysis of soilpile interaction, the py method is the most widely used one in practice because it is easy to. Pile spacing effects on lateral pile group behavior. Pile group settlement estimation research to practice. Design for settlement of pile groups by the unified design.
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